Grokking the Coding Interview: Patterns for Coding Questions
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Problem Challenge 1: Permutation in a String (hard)
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Problem Statement

Given a string and a pattern, find out if the string contains any permutation of the pattern.

Permutation is defined as the re-arranging of the characters of the string. For example, “abc” has the following six permutations:

  1. abc
  2. acb
  3. bac
  4. bca
  5. cab
  6. cba

If a string has ‘n’ distinct characters, it will have n! permutations.

Example 1:

Input: str="oidbcaf", pattern="abc"   
Output: true   
Explanation: The string contains "bca" which is a permutation of the given pattern.

Example 2:

Input: str="odicf", pattern="dc"

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