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Grokking System Design Fundamentals
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Introduction to System Design
Introduction to Load Balancing
Load Balancing Algorithms
Uses of Load Balancing
Load Balancer Types
Stateless vs. Stateful Load Balancing
High Availability and Fault Tolerance
Scalability and Performance
Challenges of Load Balancers
Introduction to API Gateway
Usage of API gateway
Advantages and disadvantages of using API gateway
Scalability
Availability
Latency and Performance
Concurrency and Coordination
Monitoring and Observability
Resilience and Error Handling
Fault Tolerance vs. High Availability
HTTP vs. HTTPS
TCP vs. UDP
HTTP: 1.0 vs. 1.1 vs 2.0 vs. 3.0
URL vs. URI vs. URN
Introduction to DNS
DNS Resolution Process
DNS Load Balancing and High Availability
Introduction to Caching
Why is Caching Important?
Types of Caching
Cache Replacement Policies
Cache Invalidation
Cache Read Strategies
Cache Coherence and Consistency Models
Caching Challenges
Cache Performance Metrics
What is CDN?
Origin Server vs. Edge Server
CDN Architecture
Push CDN vs. Pull CDN
Data Partitioning
Introduction to Data Partitioning
Partitioning Methods
Data Sharding Techniques
Benefits of Data Partitioning
Common Problems Associated with Data Partitioning
What is a Proxy Server?
Uses of Proxies
VPN vs. Proxy Server
What is Redundancy?
What is Replication?
Replication Methods
Data Backup vs. Disaster Recovery
Introduction to CAP Theorem
Components of CAP Theorem
Trade-offs in Distributed Systems
Examples of CAP Theorem in Practice
Beyond CAP Theorem
Introduction to Databases
SQL Databases
NoSQL Databases
SQL vs. NoSQL
ACID vs BASE Properties
Real-World Examples and Case Studies
SQL Normalization and Denormalization
In-Memory Database vs. On-Disk Database
Data Replication vs. Data Mirroring
Database Federation
What are Indexes?
Types of Indexes
Introduction to Bloom Filters
How Bloom Filters Work
Benefits & Limitations of Bloom Filters
Variants and Extensions of Bloom Filters
Applications of Bloom Filters
Difference Between Long-Polling, WebSockets, and Server-Sent Events
What is Quorum?
What is Heartbeat?
What is Checksum?
Uses of Checksum
What is Leader and Follower Pattern?
What is Security and Privacy?
What is Authentication?
What is Authorization?
Authentication vs. Authorization
OAuth vs. JWT for Authentication
What is Encryption?
What are DDoS Attacks?
Introduction to Messaging System
Introduction to Kafka
Messaging patterns
Popular Messaging Queue Systems
RabbitMQ vs. Kafka vs. ActiveMQ
Scalability and Performance
What is a Distributed File System?
Architecture of a Distributed File System
Key Components of a DFS
Batch Processing vs. Stream Processing
XML vs. JSON
Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Communication
Push vs. Pull Notification Systems
Microservices vs. Serverless Architecture
Message Queues vs. Service Bus
Stateful vs. Stateless Architecture
Event-Driven vs. Polling Architecture
Quiz
Introduction to Data Partitioning

Data partitioning is a technique used in distributed systems and databases to divide a large dataset into smaller, more manageable parts, referred to as partitions. Each partition is independent and contains a subset of the overall data.

In data partitioning, the dataset is typically partitioned based on a certain criterion, such as data range, data size, or data type. Each partition is then assigned to a separate processing node, which can perform operations on its assigned data subset independently of the others.

Data partitioning can help improve the performance and scalability of large-scale data processing applications, as it allows processing to be distributed across multiple nodes, minimizing data transfer and reducing processing time. Secondly, by distributing the data across multiple nodes or servers, the workload can be balanced, and the system can handle more requests and process data more efficiently.

Key terminology and concepts

  • Partition: A partition is a smaller, more manageable part of a larger dataset, created as a result of data partitioning.

  • Partition key: The partition key is a data attribute used to determine how data is distributed across partitions. An effective partition key should provide an even distribution of data and support efficient query patterns.

  • Shard: A shard is a term often used interchangeably with a partition, particularly in the context of horizontal partitioning (will be discussed later).

Push CDN vs. Pull CDN
Partitioning Methods
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