What is the difference between 'git pull' and 'git fetch'?

Difference Between 'git pull' and 'git fetch'

In Git, both git pull and git fetch are used to update your local repository with changes from a remote repository. However, they operate differently and serve different purposes. Understanding the distinction between these two commands is crucial for effective version control management.

git fetch

Definition:

• git fetch downloads changes from the remote repository to your local repository, but it does not automatically merge them with your working directory. It updates your remote-tracking branches.

Usage:

• To see the latest changes in the remote repository without modifying your current working directory.

Example:

git fetch origin

Details:

• Fetches Commits: Retrieves commits, files, and references from the remote repository.
• Updates Remote Branches: Updates the remote-tracking branches (e.g., origin/main) but does not merge them into your current branch.
• No Working Directory Changes: Your working directory remains unchanged, allowing you to review changes before integrating them.

Scenario:

• Useful when you want to see what changes have been made in the remote repository without affecting your current work. It gives you a chance to review and decide how to integrate the changes.

git pull

Definition:

• git pull is a combination of git fetch followed by git merge. It downloads changes from the remote repository and immediately tries to merge them into your current branch.

Usage:

• To update your current branch with the latest changes from the remote repository and automatically merge them.

Example:

git pull origin main

Details:

• Fetches and Merges: First fetches the changes from the remote repository and then merges them into your current branch.
• Potential Conflicts: Since it automatically merges, you might encounter merge conflicts that need to be resolved manually.
• Direct Update: Your working directory is updated immediately with the fetched changes.

Scenario:

• Useful when you want to quickly bring your local branch up to date with the remote branch. It simplifies the workflow by combining fetching and merging in one command.

Summary of Differences

| Feature | git fetch | git pull | |