How is code review done?

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Code review is a systematic process where developers examine each other's code to ensure quality, maintainability, and adherence to project standards. This collaborative practice not only helps in identifying bugs and improving code quality but also fosters knowledge sharing and team cohesion. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to effectively conduct a code review.

1. Prepare for the Review

Before initiating a code review, both the author and the reviewer should be prepared. The author should ensure that the code is complete, properly documented, and that any necessary tests are in place. The reviewer should familiarize themselves with the project requirements and any relevant documentation.

Review the Purpose

Understand the intent behind the code changes. This involves reading the associated tickets, user stories, or design documents to grasp what the code is supposed to achieve. Clear comprehension of the purpose helps in evaluating whether the implementation aligns with the project's goals.

2. Conduct the Review

The actual review involves a thorough examination of the code. Focus on various aspects to ensure comprehensive coverage.

3. Evaluate Functionality

Ensure that the code performs its intended functions correctly. This includes verifying that all requirements are met and that the code behaves as expected in different scenarios, including edge cases.

Test the Code

Run the code to see if it works as intended. This practical check helps in identifying issues that might not be apparent through a mere visual inspection.

4. Assess Code Quality

High-quality code is clean, readable, and maintainable. Evaluate the code for these qualities to ensure long-term sustainability.

Check for Readability

Ensure that the code is easy to read and understand. This includes clear naming conventions, proper indentation, and logical organization. Readable code makes future maintenance and updates easier.

5. Verify Adherence to Standards

Consistency in coding standards across the codebase is crucial. Ensure that the code follows the project's established guidelines and best practices.

Use a Checklist

Refer to a standardized checklist to verify compliance with coding standards. This systematic approach ensures that no important aspect is overlooked during the review.

6. Identify and Address Issues

Spot potential bugs, security vulnerabilities, and performance bottlenecks. Provide actionable feedback to address these issues effectively.

Provide Constructive Feedback

Offer specific and respectful suggestions for improvement. Highlight both strengths and areas that need enhancement to foster a positive and collaborative environment.

7. Approve and Merge

Once the code meets all quality standards and the necessary changes have been made, approve the code for merging into the main codebase. Ensure that all tests pass and that the integration does not introduce new issues.

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